Lens on Tropical Sericulture Development in Indonesia: Recent Status and Future Directions for Industry and Social Forestry.

The domestic silkworm or mulberry silk moth, B. mori L., provides more than 99% of the world's silk. Silk, as a sericulture product, was first introduced in Indonesia through a trade mechanism and began to develop in 1953. Several factors (economic, ecological, market, and cultural) support sericulture and make it become one of the non-timber forest product priorities. However, the competitive advantages alone have not encouraged the development of prospective sericulture industry in Indonesia yet. This paper is a review of tropical sericulture development in Indonesia. The literature on the development of sericulture in Indonesia between 1989 and 2022 is used to describe conditions related to mulberry cultivation (moriculture), and silkworm rearing (sericulture), as well as the state of socio-economic development, culture, and institutions. Moriculture and sericulture techniques, socio-economic aspects, institutional arrangements, and community motivations are intertwined, creating a challenging atmosphere for sericulture development. There are potential resources, such as exploring quality mulberry production and quality silkworm production through research and development, valuable cultural aspects, and potential stakeholders to build network engagement. Commitment, cooperation, and action from all stakeholders are needed to enhance the development of sericulture in Indonesia. In this context, the central government can play an important role in facilitating multi-stakeholder partnerships in the development of integrated sericulture in Indonesia.

Chemical composition of Moringa oleifera and Honey from three different Areas in South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to assess the composition of MO and honey from different areas in South Sulawesi. METHODS: This was a laboratory examination study. Several macro and micronutrients were measured including water, crude protein, crude lipid, Ca, Mg, Na, P, and K. Also, polyphenol and flavonoid were measured. RESULT: The results showed that variation of water, protein, and lipid in MO were 9.2-9.4%, 24.2-29.8%, and 8.43-9.6% respectively. Meanwhile, the variation of Ca, Mg, Na, P, K in MO were 1.63-2.2%, 0.36-0.53%, 0.18-0.43%, 012-0.22% and 0.67-0.76%, respectively. The variation of polyphenol and flavonoid of MO were 0.24-0.34% and 192-209ppm, respectively. On the other hand, the variation of water, protein, and lipid in different types of honey were 21.1-25.4%, 1.1-1.6%, and 0.01-0.09% respectively. Meanwhile, the variation of Ca, Mg, Na, P, K in honey were 632-1040%, 216-378%, 361-555%, 20-57% and 1570-2848%, respectively. Polyphenol and flavonoids from three different kinds of honey were also varied at 0.06-011% and 14.4-35.8ppm, respectively. CONCLUSION: We conclude that chemical compositions in MO from three areas were almost similar but they were varied enough in honey which was higher in Trigona sp.

Chemical composition of Moringa oleifera and Honey from three different Areas in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Objective: The study aimed to assess the composition of MO and honey from different areas in South Sulawesi. Methods: This was a laboratory examination study. Several macro and micronutrients were measured including water, crude protein, crude lipid, Ca, Mg, Na, P, and K. Also, polyphenol and flavonoid were measured. Result: The results showed that variation of water, protein, and lipid in MO were 9.2–9.4%, 24.2–29.8%, and 8.43–9.6% respectively. Meanwhile, the variation of Ca, Mg, Na, P, K in MO were 1.63–2.2%, 0.36–0.53%, 0.18–0.43%, 012–0.22% and 0.67–0.76%, respectively. The variation of polyphenol and flavonoid of MO were 0.24–0.34% and 192–209 ppm, respectively. On the other hand, the variation of water, protein, and lipid in different types of honey were 21.1–25.4%, 1.1–1.6%, and 0.01–0.09% respectively. Meanwhile, the variation of Ca, Mg, Na, P, K in honey were 632–1040%, 216–378%, 361–555%, 20–57% and 1570–2848%, respectively. Polyphenol and flavonoids from three different kinds of honey were also varied at 0.06–011% and 14.4–35.8 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: We conclude that chemical compositions in MO from three areas were almost similar but they were varied enough in honey which was higher in Trigona sp. (AU)